Vaccines & Emerging Diseases

Vaccine Research and Development

Vaccine research and development is a multifaceted process focused on creating and refining vaccines to prevent and control infectious diseases. It begins with basic research to identify potential antigens and understand pathogen mechanisms, followed by preclinical studies to assess vaccine candidates in laboratory models. Successful candidates advance to clinical trials, where they undergo rigorous testing in human subjects to evaluate safety, efficacy, and optimal dosing. The development phase also involves addressing regulatory requirements, ensuring compliance with health standards, and preparing for large-scale manufacturing and distribution.